Computer Science
Science of automatic information processing. From "information" + "automatic".
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Lesson overview
This lesson brings together the PDF, study notes and chapter flow so you can revise Basic Concepts without losing the thread.
Computer Science
Science of automatic information processing. From "information" + "automatic".
Data
Representation of information processed by computer. Can be a number, text, image, sound.
Bit and Byte
Bit: smallest information unit (0 or 1). Byte = 8 bits. 1 KB = 1024 bytes.
Binary system
Base 2 (0 and 1). Conversion: 1011₂ = 11₁₀.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Brain of the computer. Contains processor (CPU), RAM, and motherboard.
RAM vs ROM
RAM: temporary, lost on shutdown. ROM: permanent, contains BIOS. Hard drive: permanent storage.
Input/output devices
Input: keyboard, mouse, scanner, mic. Output: screen, printer, speakers. I/O: external HD, USB.
Role of the OS
Interface between hardware and software. Manages resources (CPU, memory, files). Examples: Windows, Linux, macOS, Android.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Uses windows, icons, menus, pointer (WIMP). More accessible than command line (CLI).
File and folder management
File tree: root directory → subdirectories → files. Operations: create, copy, move, delete.
Understand before memorizing
Connect each concept to a concrete use: hardware, operating system, algorithm, program, file, or network.
Algorithms
Clearly describe inputs, processing, outputs, variables, and control structures before writing code.