Ecosystem
Biotope (physical environment) + biocenosis (living organisms). The ecosystem is in dynamic balance.
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Lesson overview
This lesson brings together the PDF, study notes and chapter flow so you can revise Natural Equilibria without losing the thread.
Ecosystem
Biotope (physical environment) + biocenosis (living organisms). The ecosystem is in dynamic balance.
Population regulation
Populations are regulated by predation, competition, disease, and resources. Prey-predator relationship: coupled oscillations.
Natural disturbances
Fires, floods, storms → temporarily destabilize the ecosystem. Ecological succession: the ecosystem rebuilds progressively.
Human impact
Deforestation, pollution, overexploitation disrupt balances. Concept of sustainable development.
Observe → describe → explain
Start from facts (document/experiment), then build a reasoned scientific explanation.
Precise scientific vocabulary
Use exact terms: ecological factor, valence, productivity, biotope, biocenosis, reproduction.
Energy flow
Energy flows one-way: producers → consumers → decomposers, with heat losses.
Matter cycle
Matter is continuously recycled through biogeochemical cycles.