Food chain
Series of living organisms linked by prey-predator relationships: Producers → Primary consumers → Secondary consumers → Decomposers.
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Lesson overview
This lesson brings together the PDF, study notes and chapter flow so you can revise Matter & Energy Flow without losing the thread.
Food chain
Series of living organisms linked by prey-predator relationships: Producers → Primary consumers → Secondary consumers → Decomposers.
Food web
Set of interconnected food chains within an ecosystem.
Primary productivity
Organic matter synthesized by autotrophs (plants) via photosynthesis. Gross PP = Net PP + respiration.
Biogeochemical cycle (carbon)
Carbon circulates between atmosphere (CO₂), biosphere (organisms), lithosphere (limestone, coal), and hydrosphere.
Observation 1 - Matter Flow
Microscopic analysis.
Observation 2 - Matter Flow
Microscopic analysis.
Observation 3 - Matter Flow
Microscopic analysis.
Observation 4 - Matter Flow
Microscopic analysis.
Observation 5 - Matter Flow
Microscopic analysis.
Diagram 1 - Matter Flow
Diagram description.
Diagram 2 - Matter Flow
Diagram description.
Diagram 3 - Matter Flow
Diagram description.
Diagram 4 - Matter Flow
Diagram description.
Diagram 5 - Matter Flow
Diagram description.
Experiment 1 - Matter Flow
Results interpretation.
Experiment 2 - Matter Flow
Results interpretation.
Experiment 3 - Matter Flow
Results interpretation.
Experiment 4 - Matter Flow
Results interpretation.
Experiment 5 - Matter Flow
Results interpretation.
Observe → describe → explain
Start from facts (document/experiment), then build a reasoned scientific explanation.
Precise scientific vocabulary
Use exact terms: ecological factor, valence, productivity, biotope, biocenosis, reproduction.
Energy flow
Energy flows one-way: producers → consumers → decomposers, with heat losses.
Matter cycle
Matter is continuously recycled through biogeochemical cycles.